Adder bites in dogs are fortunately very rare in the UK. However, we still have a few cases every year requiring emergency treatment at our hospital. As a dog owner myself, I wanted to share with you some tips to reduce the risk of coming across an adder and some important steps to follow if your dog does get bitten.

There are three types of snakes in the UK; grass snakes, smooth snakes and adders. The adder is the only venomous snake and is protected in the UK, which means that it is illegal to intentionally kill or injure them. They are grey/brown and have a distinctive V-shaped marking on their head and a dark zigzag pattern down their back.

Adder bites tend to happen from February to October, but are more common between June and August. They are normally very timid creatures and only bite when scared. If a dog disturbs an unsuspecting adder, they are usually bitten on the legs, head or neck, which can result in rapid, painful swelling and bruising.

How can I reduce the risk of bites?
It is difficult to eliminate the risk completely but try to avoid areas well known for adders in the summer months or when in those areas, keep your dog on a path and on a short lead. Adders are most commonly found in long grass, on heathland or moorlands, sandy dunes/coastal paths and around rocks or stone walls.

What do I do if my dog gets bitten?
Adder bites are always an emergency. Follow these steps and always seek prompt veterinary advice:
• Stay calm.
• Don’t try to catch or harm the snake.
• Leave the bite alone – don’t apply a bandage or tourniquet.
• Keep your dog as still as possible to prevent venom spreading around their body and, if possible, carry your dog to your car or back to your home.
• Call and take them to a vet immediately.

Prompt veterinary treatment does improve the chance of recovery, with more serious cases often requiring anti-venom. Even if your dog appears well, don’t delay seeking veterinary advice.