As we reflect on an unforgettable summer, we now face the challenge of what is predicted to be a hard financial winter for many. Sadly, fashion cannot change the weather but, with a little planning, we can ensure we and our loved ones stay cosy with the right clothing.

Layering is key. Gone are the days we thought a very heavy item of clothing would keep us warm; we now know that lighter layers are the key to success. I was surprised to learn that in the cooler months, cotton is not the best fabric to have next to your skin, as it doesn’t hold the heat well and can make you feel quite clammy. Polyester is actually more effective.

Wool is by far the warmest material to keep you warm, Icelandic wool being one of the best. Blends of wool and acrylic are somewhere in the middle. Let’s explore the best ways to layer.

Bottom layer
This is the layer of clothing we wear closest to our skin and the main purpose is to keep you dry, so you do not become damp and cold. Silk is not often thought of as a cosy fabric, but it’s a great insulator as it is lightweight and breathable. It might cost a little more, but it does offer value for money.

Always wash silk according to the manufacturer’s instructions – you don’t want to invest in an item of clothing to then spoil it on the first wash. Thermals are a less expensive option, but also very effective.

Middle layer
Think of this one as your insulation to keep you warm. Consider fleece for this layer, as it will trap heat whilst being breathable, and it also gets warm fast. It’s an easy fabric to care for, so low-maintenance and affordable.

Top layer
This final layer will be open to the elements, so it should be waterproof as well as windproof. Nylon and down jackets are good options for keeping the rain, ice or snow out!

Options
Wool is a natural insulator; it has moisture-wicking properties, but can often feel itchy, so look for the merino variety which is much softer and more comfortable.

Cashmere is always a popular fabric, as well as a fashion statement, as it is ultra-soft, feels very luxurious and is breathable. Cashmere comes in different plies, which makes a difference to the warmth. Ply means the number of cashmere threads twisted to make the yarn; so a three twist thread would be 3-ply.

Starting at 1-ply and going up to 12-ply, what you buy will depend on your budget (the latter is the most expensive option). I would always recommend a minimum of 2-ply, as 1-ply is very thin. Cashmere is not just for sweaters – you can find socks, scarves, and even coats made from this fabric.

Be careful when storing cashmere, as you don’t want to risk moths dining on your precious purchases. Wash first, as those pesky moths are attracted even more if the cashmere has any residual body oil or perfume. Make sure the item is dry before folding and storing, preferably in an arable storage bag so the item can breathe.

M&S has a great range of cashmere jumpers in a lovely selection of colours (left). If cashmere is not within your budget, they also have some super soft cashmere-like jumpers for £17.50, which are equally as attractive.