Phantom, or false, pregnancies are common in un-neutered female dogs. They will show symptoms of pregnancy and/or nursing, despite not being pregnant or wanting puppies.

It is a result of hormonal changes that occur after every season, which prepare a bitch’s body for pregnancy, even though they are not pregnant. This may be because, naturally, dogs would live in groups and the more female dogs that can help with puppies the better.

Some females are more affected by the hormones than others and these bitches may suffer symptoms. The duration of a phantom pregnancy can last anywhere between a week to a month depending on the severity of the symptoms.

There are many symptoms of false pregnancies

Signs that your dog is suffering from a phantom pregnancy include depression, lethargy, loss of appetite, behavioural changes including nesting or possession over a toy, mammary development and lactation.

If you suspect your dog is having a phantom pregnancy, take them to see your vet who will be able to determine whether she is truly pregnant, suffering from a false pregnancy or another medical condition causing similar symptoms.

In terms of treatment, unless symptoms persist for a long period of time, treatment is not normally necessary and the phantom pregnancy will usually stop on its own. Milk will dry up more quickly if the glands are not stroked or bathed. Long-term, spaying is recommended.

Phantom pregnancies can be prevented by neutering your dog. In female dogs this involves a general anaesthetic and removal of the ovaries, and occasionally the uterus too. This is a very common procedure and can now be done via keyhole surgery, reducing discomfort and shortening the post-op recovery period. Not only does this prevent pregnancy, and false pregnancies, it also reduces the risk of breast cancers and eliminates the possibility of potentially-fatal infections of the womb.

For advice about phantom pregnancies, consult your veterinary practice.