Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer diagnosed in the UK. On average, about 1 in 8 women will be diagnosed over the course of their lifetime.

Although most women diagnosed are over the age of fifty, younger women can also receive a diagnosis and in rare cases men can also be affected. Early detection improves the chances of a good recovery, making it vital that women check their breasts regularly and see their GP if they notice any changes.

It’s important to detect changes early

Regular attendance at mammogram screenings, which all women are offered routinely between the ages of 50 and 70 every three years, is also an effective way of detecting early changes.

While breast cancer can have several symptoms, the first most noticeable sign is a lump or thickened area of breast tissue. Most breast lumps are not cancerous, but it’s always best to get them checked out by your GP. It is also advisable to see your GP if you have any of the following symptoms:
• A change in the size or shape of one or both breasts
• Discharge from either of your nipples, which may be streaked with blood
• A lump or swelling in either of your armpits
• Dimpling on the skin of your breasts
• A rash on or around your nipple
• A change in the appearance of your nipple, such as becoming sunken into your breast

Breast pain is not usually a sign of breast cancer but if you are concerned and notice any of the above in conjunction, a visit to your GP would always be a wise step.
Although the exact causes of breast cancer are not entirely understood, the following factors have been found to play a role in the development of the disease:
• Age, with the risk increasing the older you get
• A family history of breast cancer
• Being tall, overweight or obese
• A previous diagnosis of breast cancer
• A previous non-cancerous and benign breast lump
• Drinking alcohol

The GP will examine your breasts in relation to your concerns about any changes you have noticed and may send you on for further tests at a breast cancer specialist clinic. These tests include breast cancer screening, referred to as a mammogram, or taking a small sample of breast tissue, known as a biopsy. This will be examined under a microscope for more detailed analysis.

There are various treatment options available, including surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of all three.

There is help and support available

Being diagnosed with breast cancer or being concerned about changes to your breast can be an overwhelming and worrying time, but there is help and support available. As early detection is often the key to a good prognosis, ensure you discuss any concerns with your GP as soon as possible. Talking to family and friends and gaining much-needed support will also help. For further help and information visit www.breastcanceruk.org.uk